Wednesday, November 29, 2017

Hla Win Yesterday at 9:58pm · ေမာင္လွဝင္း(ျမင္းၿခံ) ၂၈-၁၁- ၂၀၁၇ အကန္းႀကီးတေယာက္

Hla Win
Yesterday at 9:58pm · ေမာင္လွဝင္း(ျမင္းၿခံ)
၂၈-၁၁- ၂၀၁၇

အႀကီးဆုံးရာထူးနဲ႕ အကန္းႀကီးတေယာက္
(ထုိသုိ႔ေတြ႕ဆုံစဥ္ တပ္မေတာ္ကာကြယ္ေရးဦးစီးခ်ဳပ္က ယခုကဲ့သုိ႔ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံသုိ႔ လာေရာက္ျခင္းအတြက္ ႀကိဳဆုိပါေၾကာင္း၊ ဘာသာတရားအားလုံးသည္ ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းျခင္း၊ ညီၫြတ္ျခင္း၊ တရားမွ်တျခင္းဆုိသည့္ ေလာကပါလတရားကုိ လုိလားၾကေၾကာင္း၊ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံ၌ ဘာသာေရးအရခြဲျခားဖိႏိွပ္ဆက္ဆံမႈမ်ားလုံး၀မရွိဘဲ လြတ္လပ္စြာကုိးကြယ္ ခြင့္ေပးထားပါေၾကာင္း၊ မိမိတုိ႔တပ္မေတာ္ထဲတြင္လည္းအလားတူ ပင္ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း၊ တပ္မေတာ္သည္ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးကုိထိမ္းသိမ္းေဆာင္ရြက္ေနၿပီး မိမိတုိ႔တပ္မေတာ္သားတုိင္း ၏ဆႏၵမွာတုိင္းျပည္ တည္ၿငိမ္ေအးခ်မ္းေရးပင္ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း၊ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံအတြင္း တုိင္းရင္းသားအခ်င္းခ်င္းခြဲျခားဆက္ဆံမႈမ်ား မရွိေၾကာင္းေျပာၾကားသည္။)
သူ႕မွာ အသက္သာရွိ
အရွက္မရွိ
လိမ္ရဲ၏ ညာရဲ၏
ကလိန္ေစ့က အဘေခၚ၏။
သူ႕မွာ ဦးေခါင္းသာ ရွိ
ေခါင္းေပၚမွာ စစ္ဦးထုပ္သာ
ေခါင္းထဲမွာ ဦေႏွာက္မရွိ
ရဟန္းေတာ္လည္း လိမ္၏
ပုပ္ရဟန္းမင္းႀကီးလည္း လိမ္၏
ဘုရားကုိပင္ လိမ္မည္ထင္၏။
သူ႕မွာ မ်က္လုံးသာ ရွိ
အျမင္ကန္း၏
တုိင္းရင္းသားခ်င္း ခြဲျခားမႈရွိ၏ သူမျမင္မသိ
လူမ်ဳိးခ်င္း ခြဲျခားမႈ ရွိ၏ သူ မျမင္ မသိ
ဘာသာခ်င္း ခြဲျခားမႈရွိ၏ သူမျမင္မသိ။
သူ႕မွာ နား ရွိ၏
မၾကားမသိ ကန္းေန၏
ေလာက ပါလ တရားကုိ သူရြတ္ဆုိ၏
သူ႕လူေတြ လူသတ္သမား သူမၾကားမိ ကန္းေန၏
သူ႕လူေတြ မုဒိမ္းသမား သူမၾကားမိ ကန္းေန၏
သူလက္ညွဳိးညႊန္ရာ စစ္ပြဲေတြ ေတာက္ေလာင္၏
သူ မၾကားမိ ကန္းေန၏
ျပည္သူေတြ ငုိေၾကြးေန၏ သူမၾကားသိ ကန္းေန၏။
မ်က္စိကန္း၏
နားကန္း၏
ဦးေႏွာက္ကန္း၏
တရားကန္း၏ ။
အုိ- လူအေပါင္းတုိ႕
အုိ- စစ္သားအေပါင္းတုိ႕
အကန္းေခၚေဆာင္လမ္းျပတဲ့ခရီးအဆုံးမွာ
အသူတရာ နက္လွစြာေသာ ေခ်ာက္ႀကီးသာ။
ေမာင္လွဝင္း(ျမင္းၿခံ)
၂၈-၁၁- ၂၀၁၇

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Looking for dark matter 29 nov.2017.



Space

Physicists keep striking out in the search for dark matter

They've got lots of theories, just not a lot of hard evidence.

Andrew Tarantola, 1h ago

Space may be the final frontier, but we've barely begun to explore its underlying mechanics.
For as much as humanity has discovered since we first looked to the heavens, we've only seen about 15 percent of the total matter in the universe.
The other 85 percent -- the so-called "dark matter" -- well, we can't even figure out how to see yet. But that doesn't mean researchers from around the world aren't devising ways to do so.


The search for dark matter began in earnest back in the 17th century, shortly after Isaac Newton released his theory of universal gravity, when astronomers posited that some celestial objects might not emit light but could still be observed based on their gravitational effects (i.e. black holes).
Over the past few decades, thanks to advances in optical and radio astronomy technologies, evidence for the existence of dark matter has continued to mount.
At this point, astronomers believe dark matter constitutes about 27 percent of the universe's total mass (and nearly 85 percent if you include dark energy as well).
While the scientific community is now certain that dark matter exists, there's no consensus as to what the stuff is actually made of.


There are two leading theories right now.
One argues that dark matter is made of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles(WIMPs) -- theorized to have a mass 100,000 times greater than an electron (and therefore behave as conventional particles). The other speculates it's made of axions, elementary particles with a mass a hundred-billionths that of an electron (and that behave as waves).
Axions are thought to exert the sameWave-Particle Duality that photons do, just without our ability to observe them directly.


"If dark matter was some new particle, there's really only a couple of ways that it can interact with us," Dr. Philipp Schuster, associate professor at the Stanford Linear Accelerator (SLAC), told Engadget.
"One possibility is that it could be a particle that's actually charged under familiar forces [i.e. WIMPs].
And the other the possibility is that it could just be a particle that's not charged under standard model forces but nonetheless have it its own force.


"In that case, it could interact and through a new vector particle, basically for something akin to electromagnetism," he continued, "or it could interact with us through something that actually doesn't have an analog in nature."

In order to determine what these dark matter particles are made of, researchers devised a number of experiments.
These studies can be divided into three general categories: particle detectors should dark matter be made of WIMPs, wave effect detectors if dark matter is actually axions (aka dark photons), and astronomical surveys that study the effects of dark matter on the observable universe, specifically, gravitational lensing.
29 nov. 2017.


If dark matter is made of WIMPs, we'll likely discover it with enormous tubs of liquid xenon stored deep beneath the Earth's surface. Because WIMPs, as their name implies, don't readily interact with known matter, detecting them is a tricky process. Anything radioactive -- from cosmic background radiation to the trace amounts of uranium in soil -- can return a false positive reading.

The XENON1T study, for example, is buried deep within a mountain underneath the Gran Sasso National Laboratory in Italy. Every piece of equipment it uses has been hand-crafted from super radio-pure stainless steel, Rafael Lang, associate professor of physics and astronomy at Purdue University, told Engadget. Its one-ton vat of liquid xenon is among the purest on Earth, with just one part per trillion (PPT) of krypton contamination -- orders of magnitude lower than what's found in nature. In fact, the XENON1T is the most sensitive (read: least radioactive) WIMP detector built to date.

"What we do is we take a bucket, we fill it up with liquid xenon and we sit and wait until a particle hits the liquid xenon," Lang explained. The device's primary detector, the Liquid Xenon Time Projection Chamber (LXeTPC), sits in the cryogenically-cooled xenon, itself surrounded by a larger tub of purified water to further shield it from radiation.

The idea is that, with all this shielding, the only stuff that will make it through will be WIMPs. And, should a WIMP manage to strike one of the xenon nuclei, the impact will cause the liquid to scintillate -- that is, create a flash of visible light -- that the LXeTPC will detect.

The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment being conducted in South Dakota by the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab is also looking for WIMPS. "The basic idea is we're building a super fancy Geiger counter to try to detect this one particular type of event," Dr. Daniel Akerib, professor of particle physics and astrophysics at Stanford University, told Engadget.

The XENON1T and LUX-ZEPLIN experiments aren't the only subterranean devices looking for WIMPs. As part of its Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS), the US Department of Energy is working with SLAC to build out the SNOLAB, a dark matter detector located two kilometers below ground at Vale's Creighton nickel mine in Ontario. Once SNOLAB comes online in 2018, it's expected to be ten times more sensitive than the current CDMS experiment being conducted 2,340 feet below ground at University of Minnesota's Soudan Underground Laboratory.

"We're not only going to be able see lower-mass particles, but we're also going to be much more sensitive than ever before," SLAC senior staff scientist Richard Partridge said in a statement. "This is a huge challenge, one that requires much R&D, very careful fabrication, and high-precision testing. SLAC has a big role in all this, but we're also working closely with many other institutions." Lang, for one, welcomes the competition. "It helps, it helps greatly," he exclaimed. "There's a big need to try out all kinds of crazy different ideas that you can come up with."

These experiments' current failure to positively identify an interaction between WIMPs and xenon nuclei may be due to the theoretical particle's weakly interacting nature, or it may be because researchers are simply looking for the wrong thing. If dark matter isn't made of massive particles, but light ones such as axions, detectors like the LUX-ZEPLIN or XENON1T won't see them. But the Dark Matter Radio, Fermilab's ADMX, or the APEX experiments just might.

"If the dark matter is built out of a spinless particle that is sufficiently light, then it actually behaves much more like something like an electromagnetic wave than a particle," Schuster explained. And by sufficiently light, he means "a billionth the mass of an electron."

"What that means is that there's a lot more of it. There's a lot more particles in order to make up the dark matter of the galaxy," Dr. Peter Graham, associate professor of physics at Stanford, told Engadget. "And what that also means is that you don't, for example, look to see an individual ping from an individual axion on it in your experiments. It's just it's just way too little energy."

Just as a single drop of water can't cut through bedrock while a river can, researchers have to look for axions behaving en mass. To do so, we just have to find their resonant frequency. The Dark Matter Radio experiment out of Stanford University, for example, operates much like a terrestrial radio, just on a cosmic scale. The radio is akin to a basic LC circuit (read: an electronic oscillator) "looking at the hundreds of megahertz or megahertz even down to maybe kilohertz, we're looking at a broad range," Graham said.

This setup provides unique challenges compared to particle detectors. For one, the radio does not have to be buried deep underground to avoid interference from cosmic rays. It does, however, have to be encased in a conducting box to effectively screen out background radio noise. What's more, while particle detectors are turned on and left to run for a year at a time, these radios can cycle through its various frequencies every 10 to 15 minutes. Once researchers do find the resonant frequency, they'll be able to immediately calculate the individual axion mass. "Because we know it's basically nonrelativistic, we know the frequency is equal to the mass of the axion," Graham explained.

Whether dark matter is comprised of WIMPs or axions makes a big difference in our understanding of the universe's mechanics. "Dark matter could just be built out of hidden photons (aka axions)," Schuster said. "That would basically mean that not only is there a new force out there, but the remnants of that force -- the particle carriers -- have a high enough density in the universe that it actually is producing dark matter. I think that would actually surprise the field quite considerably."

Should this turn out to be the case, researchers will have discovered a new fundamental force -- the 21st-century equivalent to electromagnetism.

"The other possibility, of course, is that dark matter could be built out of an existing particle but it could be charged under a new force, that its photons are the mediator particle," Schuster continued. "That possibility is very similar to the WIMP idea, but it's just it's different in that the particle is not charged under [a known] force, they're charged under a new force, the hidden photon being the mediator."

Some astronomers are taking a more direct approach and searching for evidence of dark matter using the cosmos. Astronomers with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, which will be coming online in 2021, and the Dark Energy Survey, which is has been collecting data at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile since 2013, hope that gravitational lensing might hold the key to observing dark matter directly. Well, as directly as a weakly interacting fundamental particle can be observed.

These surveys hope to observe dark matter much in the same way that we search for black holes: by looking for the light that they deform. "If you put a mass concentration in front of some distant object you're looking at then the light coming from that distant object will come around that mass, the rays will be diverted and you'll get a distorted image," Dr. Steve Kahn, professor of physics at SLAC and the head of the LSST project, told Engadget.

Both the DES and the LSST can and will exploit this effect to potentially find clumps of dark matter in space. "Correlations in the distortion of galaxies which are near each other in the sky will appear distorted in similar ways..." Kahn said. "So this lensing effect is a way of literally seeing dark matter. The dark matter is invisible but we can infer its existence and its distribution of lensing in the background images of the galaxy."

This technique will also help us calculate how far away these mass concentrations are due to their Doppler redshift. Just as the sirens of an ambulance rise in frequency as the vehicle approaches you but then drop as it passes, the photonic frequency appears more blue if the light source is approaching you and shifts to red if the source is moving away.

At this point, however, humanity's journey to discover the secrets of the universe has barely begun. "It would just be very, very surprising if the if the bulk of what's leftover is, you know, some simple single particle with no interesting interactions," Schuster concluded. "I think a much more likely possibility is that there are many more forces, many more new interactions, that are related to dark matter. We just need to figure out what it is."

Cat Lovers Association ,CLA , Mandalay branch, Burma. Cotact EstateAgent daw pauk pauk ,132,72 st.,mandalay. +95 9 910 181 20. +95 9 910 497 28.

Cat Lovers Association ,CLA , Mandalay branch, Burma.
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Cat Lovers Association ,CLA , Mandalay branch, Burma.
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EstateAgent daw pauk pauk ,132,72 st.,mandalay.
+95  9910 181 20.
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l love cats.
I raise cats .
Cats are more faithful than dogs & some human beings.
ေဒၚေပါက္ေပါက္
အေထြေထြအက်ိ ုးေဆာင္
ph. +95 9 910 181 20.
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Hla Myint added 19 new photos from August 1, 2013 to the album: Cat Lovers Association ,CLA , Mandalay branch, Burma.
Cat Lovers Association ,CLA , Mandalay branch, Burma.
Cotact
EstateAgent daw pauk pauk ,132,72 st.,mandalay.
+95 9 910 181 20.
+95 9 910 497 28.
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l love cats.
I raise cats .
Cats are more faithful than dogs & some human beings.
ေဒၚေပါက္ေပါက္
အေထြေထြအက်ိ ုးေဆာင္
ph. +95 9 910 181 20.

no 132, 72 St., tha ra fi ,lane, mandalay, Burma.

Chit Shwe ဆရာသည္ Mandalay University, Physics Department, Theoretical Physics Group ၏ Founder ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ ဆရာ/ဆရာမ မ်ားကို Throretical physics lecture series ပို႔ခ် ျပဳစု ပ်ိဳးေထာင္ေပးခဲ႔ပါသည္။(က်ြန္ေတာ္ကဆရာ႔ထံမွပညာေကာင္းစြာမရလိုက္ပါ) ဆရာ၏ေက်းဇူး ဆရာမေဒါက္တာခင္ေဆြျမင္႔၏ ပုခုံးေျပာင္း တာဝန္ကိုစြမ္းစြမ္းတမန္ထမ္းေဆာင္မႈေၾကာင္႔ Theoretical Nuclear Physics Group, Mandalay University ဟူ၍ဝင္႔ၾကြားထယ္ဝါစြာေပၚထြန္းလာခဲ႔ပါၿပီ

Aye Aye Min to U Po Myintmdy
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Chit Shwe
Chit Shwe ဆရာသည္ Mandalay University, Physics Department, Theoretical Physics Group ၏ Founder ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ ဆရာ/ဆရာမ မ်ားကို Throretical physics lecture series ပို႔ခ် ျပဳစု ပ်ိဳးေထာင္ေပးခဲ႔ပါသည္။(က်ြန္ေတာ္ကဆရာ႔ထံမွပညာေကာင္းစြာမရလိုက္ပါ) ဆရာ၏ေက်းဇူး ဆရာမေဒါက္တာခင္ေဆြျမင္႔၏ ပုခုံးေျပာင္း တာဝန္ကိုစြမ္းစြမ္းတမန္ထမ္းေဆာင္မႈေၾကာင္႔ Theoretical Nuclear Physics Group, Mandalay University ဟူ၍ဝင္႔ၾကြားထယ္ဝါစြာေပၚထြန္းလာခဲ႔ပါၿပီ
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Daw Yin Mya
Daw Yin Mya ဆရာသက္​႐ွည္​က်န္​းမာပါ​ေစ
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ေဒါက္တာ လွလွ
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Kyaw Thein Mcc
Kyaw Thein Mcc ကိုယ္​့ကိုကိုယ္​သ​ေဘာ​ေကာင္​းတယ္​ထင္​တာ
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Hla Myint
Hla Myint ဆရာသက္​႐ွည္​က်န္​းမာပါ​ေစ

Tuesday, November 28, 2017

Hla Myint Laughter is the best medicine. ရယ္ေသာသူ အသက္ေရ်တယ္တဲ.ဗ် 29NOV. 2017

Hla Myint
Laughter is the best medicine.
ရယ္ေသာသူ အသက္ေရ်တယ္တဲ.ဗ် 29NOV. 2017


Breast-feeding ကိုအေလးေပးေသာက်န္းမာေရး႒ာနမွမူရင္းဆိုင္းဘုတ္မွာ
ဆိတ္နိ ု.မွာဆိတ္ကေလးစို.ရန္ျဖစ္သည္၊
ႏြားနိ ု.မွာႏြားကေလးစို.ရန္ျဖစ္သည္၊
လူနိ ု.မွာလူကေလးစို.ရန္ျဖစ္သည္။
ကဗ်ာဥာဏ္ကြန္.ျမ ူးသူတဦးက (ကေလး)ေနရာတြင္(ကေလးအေဖ)ဟုျပင္ျပီးစပ္လိုက္ပါတယ္။

ထိုေၾကာင္. ကဗ်ာ new version မွာ ဆိတ္နိ ု.မွာဆိတ္ကေလးစို.ရန္ျဖစ္သည္၊
ႏြားနိ ု.မွာႏြားကေလးစို.ရန္ျဖစ္သည္၊
လူနိ ု.မွာလူကေလး အေဖစို.ရန္ျဖစ္သည္။

မွတ္ခ်က္
ဦးပုည ႏြားတေကာင္လံုးအသံုး ခ်တဲ.ကဗ်ာထဲမွာေတာ . ကေလးအေမ ကႏြားျမီးကိုျပ ုတ္ေသာက္လွ်င္ ႏို.ေတြဒလေဟာထြက္လို."သူလင္ေသာက္ရင္ေတာင္မွမကုန္ဘူးလို."ဖတ္ဖူးပါတယ္။

မိတ္ေဆြတို. ဦးပုည အဆိုျပ ုခ်က္မွန္မမွန္လက္ေတြ.စမ္းျပီး

facebook မွတဆင္.(u myo khin, taungyi,ph. no.081 200 792)ကိုအေၾကာင္းျပန္ၾကပါရန္


Hla Myint
Hla Myint Laughter is the best medicine.
ရယ္ေသာသူ အသက္ေရ်တယ္တဲ.ဗ်

ေလဒီၾကီးဂြမ္းပီ ဘဝဂၤ မွ အဝီစီသို႕ . dassk has been FORMALLY stripped of an honor granting her the Freedom of Oxford.29 NOV. 2017.

Hla Myint shared his photo — with Khin Maung Tint and 16 others.

ေလဒီၾကီးဂြမ္းပီ
after 29years ဘဝဂၤ မွ အဝီစီသို႕
enugh is enough.
dassk has been FORMALLY stripped of an honor
granting her the Freedom of Oxford.
Hla Myint
ေလဒီၾကီးဂြမ္းပီ
ဘဝဂၤ မွ အဝီစီသို႕ after 29years
enugh is enough.
dassk ihas been FORMALLY stripped of an honor
granting her the Freedom of Oxford.
Comment

aung naing moe ေအာင္​ဆန္​းစုၾကည္​ ​ေကာက္​​ေၾကာင္​း ==28 nov. 2017.

ေအာင္​ဆန္​းစုၾကည္​ ​ေကာက္​​ေၾကာင္​း
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႐ွစ္​​ေလးလုံးလူထုအုံႂကြမႈႀကီးရဲ႕ အထြဋ္​အထိပ္​ကာလမွာ မိုး​ေပၚက က်လာသလို သူမ ​ေပၚလာခဲ့တယ္​။ ဦးႏုရဲ႕ စင္​ၿပိဳင္​အစိုးရကို သူမက မ​ေထာက္​ခံသလို ၾကားျဖတ္​အစိုးရ ဖြဲ႔စည္​း​​​ေရးကိုလည္​း ဖ်က္​ခဲ့တယ္​။

ဗိုလ္​​ေအာင္​ႀကီး၊ ဗိုလ္​​ေအာင္​​ေရႊ၊ ​ဗိုလ္​လြင္​၊ ဗိုလ္​တင္​ဦး စတဲ့ စစ္​ဗုိလ္​ေဟာင္​း​ေတြ၊ မဆလျပဳတ္​​ေတြနဲ႔ ဒီခ်ဳပ္​ကို စဖြဲ႔တယ္​။

ႏိုင္​ငံ​ေရး​ေရခ်ိန္​တက္​​ေနတဲ့လူထုႀကီးကို ​ေရြး​ေကာက္​ပြဲလမ္​း​ေၾကာင္​းဆီ ပထမအႀကိမ္​ ဆြဲ​ေခၚ​သြားၿပီး  လူထု​ေတာ္​လွန္​​ေရးကို ဇက္​ခြံ႔ခဲ့တယ္​။ အဲ့ဒီ​ေနာက္​ ႏွစ္​​ေပါင္​း ၃၀ ၾကာ​ေအာင္ မ​​ေရရာတဲ့ ​ေတြ႔ဆုံ​ေဆြး​ေႏြး​ေရးလမ္​း​ေၾကာင္​း​ေပၚကို တင္​ၿပီး လူထုႏိုင္​ငံ​ေရးကို သား​ေၾကာျဖတ္​ သင္​းကြပ္​လိုက္​တယ္​။

အ​ေထြ​ေထြ ၾကပ္​တည္​းမႈ​ေၾကာင္​့ ၂၀၀၇ ​ေရႊဝါ​ေရာင္​ နဲ႔ ၂၀၀၈ နာဂစ္​​ ​ေျခဥဆန္​႔က်င္​​ေရး​ေတြ ​ေပၚလာတဲ့အခါ ဒီခ်ဳပ္​ပါတီဟာ လူထုနဲ႔ ပူ​းေပါင္​းျခင္​းမ႐ွိခဲ့႐ုံမက အဲ့တုန္​းက ​ေျပာခြင္​့ရပုဂၢိဳလ္​ ဦးလြင္​ဆိုရင္​ ​ေရဒီယိုအင္​တာဗ်ဴးကတဆင္​့ ဆနၵျပသူ​ေတြကို အျပစ္​တင္​​ေဝဖန္​ခဲ့ပါတယ္​။

​ေအာင္​ဆန္​းစုၾကည္​ဟာ အက်ယ္​ခ်ဳပ္​ကာလအတြင္​း ဗိုလ္​သန္​း​ေရႊ၊ ဗိုလ္​ခင္​ၫြန္​႔တို႔နဲ႔ ​ေတြ႔ဆုံတာ​ေတြ႐ွိ​ေပမယ္​့ ဘာ​ေတြ​ေဆြး​ေႏြးၾကသလဲဆိုတာ ျပည္​သူကို ​ေျပာမျပဘဲ လ်ိဳ႕ဝွက္​ထားပါတယ္​။ အက်ယ္​ခ်ဳပ္​က လြတ္​​ေျမာက္​ၿပီး​ေနာက္​ပိုင္​း သမၼတသိန္​းစိန္​နဲ႔ ​ေတြ႔ဆုံရာမွာလည္​း အလားတူ လ်ွိဳ႕ဝွက္​ထားခဲ့ ျပန္​ပါတယ္​။

သူမ အက်ယ္​ခ်ဳပ္​က လြတ္​​ေျမာက္​လာစအခ်ိန္​၊ အာရပ္​ကမၻာမွာ အာရပ္​​ေႏြဦး​ေတာ္​လွန္​​ေရး​ေၾကာင္​့ အာဏာ႐ွင္​​ေတြအ​ေရးမလွ​ေနခ်ိန္​၊ ျမန္​မာျပည္​မွာလည္​း ​ေရႊဝါ​ေရာင္​​ေတာ္​လွန္​​ေရးနဲ႔ နာဂစ္​​ေၾကာင္​့ ျပည္​သူ​ေတြ ႏိုင္​ငံ​ေရး​ေရခ်ိန္​ ျမင္​့တက္​​ေနခ်ိန္​မွာ ​ေအာင္​ဆန္​းစုၾကည္​က ျမန္​မာျပည္​မွာ ဘားမားစပရင္​း​ (​ေခၚ) ဗမာ့​ေႏြဦး မလိုအပ္​ဘူးဆိုၿပီး ႏိုင္​ငံ​ေရးအရ အၫြန္​႔ခ်ိဳး သင္​းကြပ္​လိုုက္​ျပန္​ပါတယ္​။

အဲ့ဒီ​ေနာက္​ ပါတီကုိ မွတ္​ပုံတင္​ၿပီး ၂၀၁၂ ၾကားျဖတ္​​ေရြး​ေကာက္​ပြဲဝငျ္​ခင္​းအားျဖင္​့ လူထုကို ​ေရြး​ေကာက္​ပြဲလမ္​း​ေၾကာင္​းဆီ ဒုတိယအႀကိမ္​ ဆြဲ​ေခၚသြားျပန္​ပါတယ္​။ ဒီလုပ္​ရပ္​ဟာ စစ္​အုပ္​စုက အ​ေက​ာင္​အထည္​​ေဖာ္​​ေနတဲ့ လမ္​းျပ​ေျမပုံ ၇ ခ်က္​ကို ပီျပင္​​ေအာင္​ ဝင္​​ေရာက္​အားျဖည္​့တာ ျဖစ္​သလို စစ္​အုပ္​စု စိတ္​တိုင္​းက်​ေရးဆြဲထားတဲ့ ၂၀၀၈ ​ေျခဥကို သိဒၶိတင္​​ေပးတာလည္​း ျဖစ္​ပါတယ္​။

သူမရဲ႕ ၾကားျဖတ္​​ေရြး​ေကာက္​ပြဲ​ေၾကညာခ်က္​မွာ ​ေျခဥျပင္​ဆင္​​ေရးဟာ အဓိကအခ်က္တခုအ​ေနနဲ႔ ​ပါခဲ့​ေပမယ္​့ သုံးႏွစ္​တိတိ အတိုက္​အခံဘဝမွာ ​ေျခဥကို ျပင္​ဆင္​ႏိုင္​ခဲ့ျခင္​းမ႐ွိပါဘူး။ သူမရဲ႕ မိတ္​ဖက္​ သူရ​ေရႊမန္​းက ​ေနာက္​အစိုးရလက္​ထက္​မွပဲ ​ေျခဥျပင္​ႏိုင္​​ေတာ့မယ္​လို႔ ​ေၾကညာတဲ့အခါ ​ေအာင္​ဆန္​းစုၾကည္​က သူရ​ေရႊမန္​းရဲ႕ ​ေျပာၾကားခ်က္​ဟာ အခ်ိန္​အခါအရ မွန္​တယ္​လို႔​ေတာင္​ ​ေထာက္​ခံ​ေျပာ​ၾကားလိုက္​ပါ​ေသးတယ္​။ 

၂၀၁၅ အ​ေထြ​ေထြ​ေရြး​ေကာက္​ပြဲႀကီးက​ေတာ့ ​ေအာင္​ဆန္​းစုၾကည္​က​ေန လူထုကို တတိယအႀကိမ္​​ေျမာက္​ ​ေရြး​ေကာက္​ပြဲဆီ ဆြဲ​ေခၚသြားတာပဲ ျဖစ္​ပါတယ္​။ သူမရဲ႕ ​ေရြး​ေကာက္​ပြဲ ​ေႂကြး​ေၾကာ္​သံက ​ေျပာင္​းလဲခ်ိန္​တန္​ၿပီ ပဲ ျဖစ္​ပါတယ္​။

​အခု ​ေရြး​ေကာက္​ပြဲၿပီးတာ ၂ ႏွစ္​​ေက်ာ္​ ၾကာပါၿပီ။ ​ေျပာင္​းလဲျခင္​းအရိပ္​အ​ေယာင္​ကို ျပည္​သူ​ေတြ အရိပ္​အ​ေျခ​ေတာင္​ မျမင္​ရ​ေသးပါဘူး။ တိုင္​းရင္​းသားျပည္​သူအ​ေပါင္​းလည္​း စစ္​ဖိနပ္​​ေအာက္​မွာ အနင္​းခံ​ေနရဆဲ၊ စစ္​ဗိုလ္​ခ်ဳပ္​​ေတြနဲ႔ ခ႐ုိနီ​ေတြလည္​း ပန္​းပန္​​ေနဆဲ။

​ေျခဥလည္​း မျပင္​ႏိုင္​၊ တရားဥပ​ေဒလည္​း မစိုးမိုး၊ ျပည္​တြင္​းၿငိမ္​းခ်မ္​း​ေရးကလည္​း အလွမ္​း​ေဝး၊ လူ႔အခြင္​့အ​ေရးခ်ိဳး​ေဖာက္​ခံရမႈ​ေတြကိုလည္​း မကာကြယ္​ႏိုင္​၊ စီးပြား​ေရးဦး​ေမာ့​ေအာင္​လည္​း မႀကိဳးစား၊ ဒီမိုက​ေရစီလည္​း မ​ေဖာ္​​ေဆာင္​ႏိုင္​ဘဲ အ​ေျခအ​ေန​ေတြက တ​ေန႔ထက္​တ​ေန႔ ပ်က္​ယြင္​းလို႔သာ လာပါတယ္​။

ဒါ​ေပမယ္​့ ​ေအာင္​ဆန္​းစုၾကည္​က​​ေတာ့ ခ႐ုိနီမ်ား၊ စစ္​ဗိုလ္​ခ်ဳပ္​မ်ားျခံရံၿပီး ဗိုလ္​ခင္​ၫြန္​႔တန္​ခိုးထြားစဥ္​ထက္​က​ေတာင္​ ပုိကဲတဲ့ အ​ေဆာင္​အ​ေယာင္​​ေတြကို ခံစားရင္းနဲ​႔ ျပည္​သူ​ေတြရဲ႕ ဒုကၡဆင္​းရဲကို မ်က္​ကြယ္​ျပဳၿပီး စစ္​အုပ္​စုနဲ႔ခ႐ိုနီ​ေတြရဲ႕ အက်ိဳးစီးပြားကို အားႀကိဳးမာန္​တက္​ ကာကြယ္​လ်က္​ပါ။

အရင္​က​ေတာ့ တိုင္​းျပည္​ကို ဖ်က္​ဆီးခဲ့တာဟာ စစ္​အုပ္​စုနဲ႔ခ႐ုိနီ​ေတြလို႔ ​ေျပာခဲ့ဲရ​ေပမယ္​့ အခုအခ်ိန္​ကစၿပီး ​ေဒၚစုနဲ႔ဒီခ်ဳပ္​ကိုပါ တိုင္​းျပည္​ဖ်က္​ဆီးသူမ်ား စာရင္​းမွာ ထည္​့သြင္​းရ​ေတာ့မွာ ျဖစ္​ပါတယ္​။

Saturday, November 25, 2017

Long-time friend and confidant, retired Archbishop Desmond Tutu, has also condemned Suu Kyi’s mishandling of the crisis.26 nov. 2017.


News

400k+ sign pro-Rohingya petition to strip Suu Kyi of Nobel PrizePublished time: 8 Sep 2017 | 15:51 GMTReuters /

A change.org petition demanding that the Nobel Committee rescind State Counsellor of Myanmar Aung San Suu Kyi’s Nobel Prize for failing to stop a “crime against humanity in her country” has garnered more than 400,000 signatures.

"Over the past three years more than 140,000 Rohingya Muslims have been living in grave conditions in refugee camps in Myanmar and in many other countries, including Indonesia," the Change.org petitionexplains.

"3,000 Rohingyas have been killed within three days between 25 and 27 August, 2017," the petition states, citing the European Rohingya Council (ERC).

The UN migration agency, the IOM, confirmed Thursday that a total of 270,000 people have now fled the violence in Myanmar since August 25.

Makeshift refugee centers and healthcare facilities in Bangladesh are struggling to cope with the unprecedented influx. The IOM has so far allocated $1 million in emergency funding to help with the crisis.

The petition's authors ask a rather pointed question: "What is wrong with being a Muslim, Suu Kyi?"

This is in reference to past remarks Suu Kyi made following a 2013 interview with the ‘BBC Today’ anchor, Mishal Husain.

“No-one told me that I was to be interviewed by a Muslim,” Suu Kyi is alleged to have said, according to the petition.

Suu Kyi was awarded the Nobel Peace prize in 1991 for her activism against the military junta in Burma (now Myanmar) which resulted in her house arrest for 15 years, from which she was released in 2010. In 2015, Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy won the general election, and she became de-facto leader of the country under the official title of state counsellor.  

However, the Norwegian Nobel committee has ruled out rescinding Suu Kyi's prize, saying only her previous work would be taken into account rather than any subsequent actions.

"Neither Alfred Nobel's will nor the statutes of the Nobel Foundation provide for the possibility that a Nobel Prize – whether for physics, chemistry, medicine, literature or peace –  can be revoked," Olav Njolstad, head of the Nobel Institute, told AFP.

"Only the efforts made by a laureate before the attribution of a prize are evaluated by the Nobel committee,"he added.

Suu Kyi has described the backlash over her handling of the Rohingya Muslim crisis as "a huge iceberg of misinformation...with the aim of promoting the interest of the terrorists,” as cited by the AFP.

Long-time friend and confidant, retired Archbishop Desmond Tutu, has also condemned Suu Kyi’s mishandling of the crisis.

"If the political price of your ascension to the highest office in Myanmar is your silence, the price is surely too steep," Tutu said in a statement.

"It is incongruous for a symbol of righteousness to lead such a country; it is adding to our pain," he said noting that "the images we are seeing of the suffering of the Rohingya fill us with pain and dread."


Thursday, November 23, 2017

The most tense moments of the Nov. 26-Dec. 2 trip are likely to be private meetings with army head Senior General Min Aung Hlaing and, separately, civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi.23 nov. 2017.



THU NOV 23, 2017 / 9:46 PM EST

Pope faces diplomatic dilemma in Myanmar visit

Philip Pullella



A Catholic nun from Kachin state show a picture of Pope Francis on her mobile phone while traveling on a two-day train trip from Myitkyina to Yangon to attend the pope's visit to Myanmar next week, November 23, 2017.

REUTERS/ANN WANG

Catholics from Kachin state travel during a two-day train trip from Myitkyina to Yangon to attend Pope Francis visit to Myanmar next week, November 23, 2017.

REUTERS/ANN WANG

(Reuters) - Pope Francis visits Myanmar next week, a delicate trip for the world's most senior Christian to a majority Buddhist country accused by Washington of the "ethnic cleansing" of Muslim Rohingya people.

He will also visit Bangladesh to where more than 600,000 people have fled from what Amnesty International called "crimes against humanity" including murder, rape torture and forcible displacement, allegations the Myanmar military denies.

The trip is so delicate that some of the pope's advisors have warned him against even saying the word "Rohingya," lest he set off a diplomatic incident that could turn the country's military and government against minority Christians.

The most tense moments of the Nov. 26-Dec. 2 trip are likely to be private meetings with army head Senior General Min Aung Hlaing and, separately, civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi.

Myanmar does not recognize Rohingya as citizens nor as a group with its own identity, posing a dilemma for Francis as he visits a country of 51 million people where only around 700,000 are Roman Catholics.

"He risks either compromising his moral authority or putting in danger the Christians of that country," said Father Thomas Reese, a prominent American author and analyst at Religion News Service.

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"I have great admiration for the pope and his abilities, but someone should have talked him out of making this trip," he wrote.

Vatican sources say some in the Holy See believe the trip was decided too hastily after full diplomatic ties were established in May during a visit by Suu Kyi, whose global esteem as a Nobel Peace Prize laureate has been tarnished by expressing doubts about the rights abuse allegations and failing to condemn the military.

"Pope Francis needs to be firm on all fronts. While the violence cannot stop without the cooperation of security forces, Suu Kyi should not be given a free pass either," said Lynn Kuok, a fellow of the Brookings Institution's Center for East Asia Policy Studies.

In a late addition to his itinerary, Francis will meet Rohingya refugees on the second leg of his trip in the Bangladesi capital Dhaka. His meeting with General Min Aung Hlaing was also a late addition following negotiations with the military by Myanmar's senior churchman, Cardinal Charles Bo.

RECONCILIATION

In a video message sent to Myanmar last week, Francis said he wanted the trip to lead to "reconciliation, forgiveness and peace", to further the Gospel values of "dignity for every man and woman" and encourage harmony and cooperation.

The pope has already used the word Rohingya in two appeals from the Vatican this year. Asked if he would say it in Myanmar, Vatican spokesman Greg Burke said Francis was taking the advice he had been given seriously, but added: "We will find out together during the trip ... it is not a forbidden word".

Senior Vatican sources said the pope will be mindful of not doing anything that could imperil Myanmar's transition to democracy.

"The Pope is one of the most respected moral voices in the world today, and for that reason his visit will be significant," said Richard Horsey, a Yangon-based analyst and former senior United Nations official in Myanmar.

"But he will be conscious of the fact that popular opinion in Myanmar is firmly behind the government and against the Rohingya, and that the intervention of a Christian leader on this religiously-charged issue could inflame sentiments rather than encourage positive movement," Horsey said.

U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson on Wednesday called the operation against the Rohingya "ethnic cleansing" and threatened targeted sanctions for "horrendous atrocities."

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Amnesty International said the Rohingya and Muslims generally in Rakhine State had been subjected to "systemic social and political exclusion" for decades and accused the military of "crimes against humanity" in the last two years including murder, rape torture and forcible displacement.

Myanmar's government has denied most of the claims, and the army has said its own probe found no evidence of wrongdoing by troops who say their actions were in response to militant attacks on 30 police posts and an army base.

"The Vatican has little by way of carrots and sticks that can help," said Kuok, the Brookings fellow.

"That said, the pope's visit can help to raise awareness about the Rohingya community, which may then lead to indirect pressure on governments to do more about the situation there."

(Additional reporting by Antoni Slodkowski and Yi-Mou Lee in Yangon; Editing by Robin Pomeroy)

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US declares ‘ethnic cleansing’ against Rohingya in Myanmar


FILE - In this Tuesday, Nov. 21, 2017, file photo, Rohingya Muslim women carry blankets and other supplies they collected from aid distribution centers in Kutupalong refugee camp in Bangladesh. The United States declared the ongoing violence against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar to be “ethnic cleansing” on Wednesday, Nov. 22, putting more pressure on the country’s military to halt a brutal crackdown that has sent more than 600,000 refugees flooding over the border to Bangladesh. (Wong Maye-E, File/Associated Press)

By Josh Lederman | APNovember 22 at 11:50 AM

WASHINGTON — The United States declared the ongoing violence against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar to be “ethnic cleansing” on Wednesday, threatening penalties for military officials engaged in a brutal crackdown that has sent more than 600,000 refugees flooding over the border to Bangladesh.

Secretary of State Rex Tillerson blamed Myanmar’s security forces and “local vigilantes” for what he called “intolerable suffering” by the Rohingya. Although the military has accused Rohingya insurgents of triggering the crisis, Tillerson said that “no provocation can justify the horrendous atrocities that have ensued.”

“After a careful and thorough analysis of available facts, it is clear that the situation in northern Rakhine state constitutes ethnic cleansing against the Rohingya,” Tillerson said in a statement.

Although the designation carries no legal obligations for the U.S. to act, Tillerson said those who perpetrated the atrocities “must be held accountable.” He added that the U.S. wanted a full investigation and was considering “targeted sanctions” against those responsible — but not broader sanctions against the nation.

Rohingya from Myanmar’s Rakhine state have been fleeing to neighboring Bangladesh, seeking refuge from what Myanmar’s military has called “clearance operations.” The crisis started in August, when Rohingya insurgents attacked Myanmar security forces, leading to a brutal crackdown in which soldiers and Buddhist mobs have killed men, raped woman and burned homes and property to force the Rohingya to leave.

The declaration followed a lengthy review process by President Donald Trump’s administration to determine whether the violence met the threshold to be considered ethnic cleansing. The United Nations came to that conclusion in September, but the U.S. had held off, with Tillerson saying he needed more information even as he expressed deep concern about the crisis.

Last week, Tillerson traveled to Myanmar in the highest level visit by a U.S. official since Trump took office. U.S. officials dangled the possibility of an “ethnic cleansing” designation ahead of Tillerson’s trip, potentially giving him more leverage as he met with officials in Myanmar. In the capital of Naypitaw, Tillerson met with the country’s civilian leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, as well as Myanmar’s powerful military chief, Min Aung Hlaing, who is in charge of operations in Rakhine state, home to Myanmar’s Rohingya population.

Senior State Department officials said the determination was intended to ramp up pressure on the military and others in Myanmar to resolve the conflict and repatriate refugees who have fled to Bangladesh. Yet it was also likely to intensify calls for the Trump administration and Congress to move toward new sanctions. Earlier this month, a House committee passed a nonbinding resolution condemning “murderous ethnic cleansing and atrocities” and calling on Trump to impose sanctions on those responsible for abuses.

Yet sweeping sanctions targeting Myanmar’s economy or its military as a whole are off the table, officials said, adding that the Trump administration had determined they would not be productive either for ensuring accountability or for promoting broader U.S. goals in Myanmar. Instead, the U.S. is considering sanctions against individuals only, said the officials, who weren’t authorized to comment by name and briefed reporters on a conference call on condition of anonymity.

Broad-based U.S. sanctions on Myanmar were eased under former President Barack Obama as the Southeast Asian nation inched toward democracy. U.S. officials have been concerned that slapping back sanctions or pushing Myanmar’s leaders too hard on the Rohingya violence could undermine the country’s civilian government, led for the last 18 months by Suu Kyi. That could slow or reverse the country’s delicate transition away from decades of harsh military rule and risks pushing Myanmar away from the U.S. and closer to China.

The State Department has also examined whether the violence in Rakhine meets the definitions for crimes against humanity or genocide, but have so far made no such determinations. Both designations carry significant legal consequences.

Ethnic cleansing, on the other hand, isn’t recognized as an independent crime under international law, according to the United Nations Office on Genocide Prevention. The ethnic cleansing term surfaced in the context of the 1990s conflict in the former Yugoslavia, when a U.N. commission defined it as “rendering an area ethnically homogeneous by using force or intimidation to remove persons of given groups from the area.”

Human rights groups accuse the military of a scorched-earth campaign against the Rohinyga, who numbered roughly 1 million in Myanmar before the latest exodus. The Buddhist majority in Myanmar believes they migrated illegally from Bangladesh, but many Rohingya families have lived for generations in Myanmar. In 1982, they were stripped of their citizenship.

Already, the United States has curtailed its ties to Myanmar’s military over the violence. Earlier this year, the U.S. restored restrictions on granting visas to members of Myanmar’s military, and the State Department has deemed units and officers involved in operations in Rakhine state ineligible for U.S. assistance.

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Associated Press writer Matthew Pennington contributed to this report.

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This story has been corrected to show that a House committee, not the full House, passed a nonbinding resolution this month condemning ethnic cleansing.

Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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